What Is Ketamine Addiction?
In recent years, ketamine has been used off-label to treat depression and other psychiatric disorders. Some patients may first try ketamine as part of a treatment plan for a medical condition, but then become dependent.
While it can be prescribed for a range of severe conditions, ketamine is also used recreationally. At parties and social events, people may hand out liquids or powders labeled “K,” “Ket” or “Special K.” Some may try it once and find they crave the euphoric feeling again. Unpleasant withdrawal symptoms make it easy to become dependent.
The effects of the drug can last up to 24 hours, making it even easier to get addicted because individuals can get used to the experience and want more of it. Eventually, more of the drug is needed to get the same effect. Individuals gradually increase their use, becoming more dependent and more vulnerable to overdose if they stop use and then return to ketamine.
Ketamine works by encouraging neural growth, blocking NMDA receptors (NMDAR) in the brain and affecting neurotransmitter systems. In other words, ketamine changes your brain, which is how it produces antidepressant effects. However, this same function can lead to physical addiction.
Ketamine is a schedule III controlled substance. It can produce an out-of-body experience similar to that of PCP. People who use the drug recreationally report a blissed-out trance and visual or auditory hallucinations. Ketamine has also been used as a date rape drug.
Ketamine addiction is on the rise. According to a 2025 study in the peer-reviewed journal The Lancet, nonmedical use of the drug jumped from 0.19% to 0.34% between 2011 and 2021. Ketamine poisonings increased from 0.17 to 1.40 per 1,000,000 population from 1994 to 2000.
What Is Ketamine Addiction?
In recent years, ketamine has been used off-label to treat depression and other psychiatric disorders. Some patients may first try ketamine as part of a treatment plan for a medical condition, but then become dependent.
While it can be prescribed for a range of severe conditions, ketamine is also used recreationally. At parties and social events, people may hand out liquids or powders labeled “K,” “Ket” or “Special K.” Some may try it once and find they crave the euphoric feeling again. Unpleasant withdrawal symptoms make it easy to become dependent.